Apparatus for treating smoke and fumes.



J. MERGER.

APPARATUS FOR TREATING SMOKE AND PUMES.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 20, 1912.

Patented Dec. 22, 1914.

- permitting the JOHN MERCER, OF NEW BRIGHTON ENGLAND.

APPARATUS FOR TREATING SMOKE AND FUMES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed May 20. 1912. Serial No. 698,474.

perfect combustion of fuel and consumption of smoke. It has, heretofore, been proposed to return to a furnace the whole or a part of the gases of. combustion mixed with atmospheric air, by the aid of a fan or blower or the like, said air being induced into the flue or conduit system by means of said fan or blower. The present invention consists essentially in circulating the gases of combustion by means of a fan, blower, or its equivalent; heavier non-combustible gases to escape under the influence of gravity; ermitting the atmospheric air or oxygen or supporting combustionby admixture with the lighter and more combustible gasesto enter the flue or conduit system only by way of the orifice or orifices through which said heavier gases are issuing, providing means whereby said heavier gases are withdrawn on discharge from said opening or openings and se arate means whereby atmospheric air is ad itted to said opening or openin Preferably, a c amber of special construction is provided in the flue or conduit system to facilitate the separation and escape of said heavier gases from the lighter ases, and the diifusion therethrough of the esh air or oxygen.

I believe, from experimental practice, that the oxygen only, or oxygen with a comparatively small percentage of nitrogen, of the air, passes by difiusion through said escaping heavier gases of combustion into said flue or conduit.

In order to show more clearly the nature of this invention, I have hereinafter described and illustrated its application in a simple diagrammatic form, for the treatment of smoke, fumes, and other volatile products formed during the combustion of fuel such as coke or coal in an ordinary furnace, for the purpose of heating a closed or muffled-oven.

Of the accompanying drawings, Figure l shows, in diagrammatic form a sectional elevation of a closed muflled-oven to which my invention is applied. Figs. 2 and 3, are sectional-side and end-elevations in outline, of another form of difi'usion-chamber which is part of my invention.

111 Fig. l, a body of fuel C, is supplied by the hopper H for the purpose of heating the oven K. The smoke, fumes, and other volatile gas or products L, \V, given-oil from the burning fuel C, passing through the flues H, H being induced or otherwise circulated through the said flues, by any suitable means, such as a fan, P, or the like, which creates and maintains a current circulating from the fuel C, through the flues H, H, to the diffusion-chamber B, and thence through the body of fuel C.

The diffusion-chamber B, which. may be formed with closed top and sides of any convenient form, is provided with suitable openings 6 6 for the admission and emission of the said volatile products, re: spectively. The bottom or lower portion 6 of the said chamber B, is open and accessible to the atmosphere. The said diffusion chamber is preferably placed for convenience over a pit or well A, to which atmos pheric air can be admitted by means of a valve or damper R, the said pit also forming areceptacle for the-heavier portions W. of the saidwolatile products emitted from the said chamber B. A chimney or other suitable means is provided for withdrawing the emitted products from the well A, and for distributing such waste-products to the atmosphere or elsewhere, as may be required.

When the fuel C is ignited, the smoke, fumes and other volatile products of combustion L, W, given-01f therefrom, are conveyed along the fines H, H, by means of the current produced by the fan P, through the opening 6, into the diffusion-chamber B. where the said volatile products or gases L, W, re-arrange themselves, the heavier and incombustible portions of the said products W, being emitted from the lower portion 6", of the said chamber B, into the well A, and drawn thence to the chimney D.

A supply of atmospheric air, or oxygen Patented Dec. 22, 1914.

loo 4 0, necessary to promote the combustion oi the fuel C, passes through the open bottom I), of the diffusion-chamber B, into the in-- fuel.

The above process, which is continuous, may be accelerated, or retarded by regulating the supply of fuel; the amount of air or oxygen supplied; or by regulating the speed of th e fan or other current producer.

'It -is obvious that the draft of the chimney D, used for abstracting the waste-products, must-not exceed the draft of the fan or blower P, and means such as the damper or valve E, are provided to adjust the chimney draft.

Figs. 2 and 3 illustrate, in a modified form, another method of arranging the diffusion-chamber B; the well A, being, in this instance, continued around the top "of the chamber B, and the chimney 1), arranged on the top-side of the well A, The waste-products ,W are emitted from the open bottom o the chamber B, and are withdrawn through the opening 6, around the outside of the said chamber B, to the chimney D, whose draft can be regulated by the damper E.

In like manner the other essential parts of my invention may be modified to suit the various conditions for which my invention is applicable, and althoughv I have described my invention as applied to one simple form of oven, 1 would have it understood that its application is not confined to' that particular purpose, but, may be modified and applied in any suitable form, for the purpose and. means of treating smoke, fumes, and other volatile products of combustion, without departing from the estain a circulation of gaseous products of combustion in said flue and through said fire chamber, a diflusion chamber in communication with the flue of said oven and having an opening in a wall thereof, and means in communication with the opening of said chamber whereby air is simultaneously admitted to the flue of said ovenand heavy gases of combustion withdrawn therefrom.

2. The combination with an oven having.

a flue extending around the walls thereof,

a fire chamber at one end of said oven in communication with the flue thereof, means at the opposite end-of said'oven adapted to maintain a circulation of gaseous products of combustion in said flue and through said fire chamber, a diffusionchamber below said oven and in communication With thefluethereof, said, difiusion chamber having the bottom thereof provided with an opening,-

and a well structure in communication with the opening of said difi'usion chamber and having provision for simultaneously admitting air to said difiusion chamber and ex-' tracting heavy gases of-combustion there? from.

In testimony whereof I aflix signature' in presence of two witnesses. JOHN MERCER. Witnesses: v JOHN H. WALKER,

Emma BURNETT. 

